How to make heating in a private house with your own hands.

If the house is not heated, then it is not a house, but an ordinary barn, even if it is built of marble and decorated with columns. It is engineering systems, including heating, that turn sometimes nondescript buildings into real country residences suitable for year-round living. Therefore, the task of how to make heating in a private house with your own hands will again and again arise in front of the owners of such a dwelling.

General acquaintance with heating systems

You can heat a house in any way, for a long history of the development of society, various heating systems have been created, for example, such as:

  • stove;
  • aerial;
  • water and others.

Nowadays, however, hot water heating is the most popular. There are many reasons for this, we will not touch all of them, it is enough to note that it is convenient to use, provides effective heating of the house and is quite affordable for the majority of the population.

On water heating, its features, advantages and disadvantages

When deciding to install a water heating system in a house, it is necessary to make an informed choice of a specific option. The cost of its creation and, ultimately, the living conditions in the house will depend on this. It is worth paying attention to the following features:

1.The heat carrier in such a system is water or some other liquid, for example antifreeze. Heating up in a special heating boiler, the hot coolant, passing through the radiators located in the rooms and giving off the accumulated heat there, returns to the boiler. So, circulating throughout the system, hot water maintains the required temperature in the room.

2.The heating system can be either one-pipe or two-pipe. For comparison and understanding of their features, they are both shown in the figure below:

As can be seen from the figure, in a one-pipe system, hot water circulates through one pipe, from the boiler it enters the radiators and, passing them sequentially, then comes back. With a two-pipe version of the heating arrangement, the coolant is supplied through one pipe, and returned through the other.

The advantages of a one-pipe system are simplicity and lower cost of construction costs; uneven heating of remote radiators is considered a disadvantage. The two-pipe system is considered more versatile and has greater power, is able to provide heating of premises of a large area and at any distance from the heating boiler. Its disadvantages include increased costs of creation, complexity and the need to use special equipment.

3.System with natural (gravitational) and forced circulation. In the first, the movement of water is carried out due to physical laws, the heated water rises up and then from there it flows by gravity into the radiators. Or ordinary steel ones. True, to use the latter, welding will be required, they are heavy and inconvenient to work, prone to corrosion, but they have increased mechanical strength.

5.Fittings. Pipes are interconnected, and they allow you to switch from one type of pipes to another, as well as change their diameter at the joints.

6.Circulation pump. Serves for pumping water through the system. Some models of heating boilers have a built-in circulation pump, but as they say, this is not for everybody. The use of an external pump provides greater efficiency in work and the ability to use the heating system even if the circulation pump fails.

7.Control and shut-off valves. Allows you to change the volume of the coolant passing through certain parts of the system, up to the complete disconnection of certain elements from it. Separately, it is worth mentioning the automatic air vents and Mayevsky taps, which are required to remove air.

Choosing a heating system

After familiarizing yourself with the hot water heating system, its features and the equipment used, you can start developing the project.

Calculation of the power of the heating boiler

You need to start by determining the power of the heat boiler: it depends, as already noted, on the heated area, the material from which the house is made, its geographical location, the presence of insulation, etc..d. To calculate it, you can use online calculators or special programs - by entering the necessary data, you will receive a finished result.

However, there is also a purely practical way to determine the power. It is based on statistical data and consists in the fact that for a heated area of ​​10 sq. m, 1 kW of power is consumed, and it should be taken with a correction factor depending on the geographical location. So, for the middle zone, the coefficient will be from 1.2 to 1.5, for the regions of the North - from 1.5 to 2.0, for the southern regions - 0.7-0.9.

Therefore, if we, for example, need to heat 100 sq. m, then a 10 kW boiler is needed for this. Now we need to take into account the correction factor, take the middle band and the factor 1.5. We get the boiler power value equal to 15 kW. To exclude its work in the limiting mode, we will increase it by another 20 percent. In total, the power of our heating boiler for such a house should be at least 18 kW.

It should be borne in mind that these coefficients are suitable for standard apartments with a ceiling height of 2.5-2.6 meters. If you are lucky and your house has high ceilings, then it will be correct to increase this coefficient taking into account the height of the ceilings. For example, your ceiling is 3.5 meters high. This is 1.35 times the height of a standard ceiling (3.5 / 2.6 "1.35). Then we will take the coefficient not 1.5, but 2.025 (1.5 * 1.35 = 2.025).

Choice of heating scheme

There are a significant number of different systems, but most of them require rather high costs for equipment and direct installation. Therefore, we will focus on the classic version - a one-pipe heating system, called "Leningrad". Its diagram is shown below. You can familiarize yourself with it in detail in the video:

It is worth noting here that several options for connecting radiators are possible: lower - a), and diagonal - c), as shown in the figure.

After choosing a heating system, a plan is drawn up for the placement of its elements, which indicates the location of all components and calculates the required length of pipes, places of their attachment and joining, slopes during laying. At the same time, it must also be determined where the boiler is located. There are established requirements for a gas boiler, and it is necessary to ensure that they are met.

Radiators should be placed under windows, creating a heat curtain for cold air. All of them are located on the same level, the distance from the floor - 7 cm, from the wall - 2 cm.

Installation of the heating system

First of all, install the heating boiler in a place prepared for it in advance. It can be a flat area, lined with bricks or concreted. The boiler must be connected to a chimney.

The next step is to install the radiators. They are hung on brackets pre-fixed in the wall. The attachment points are determined in advance and indicated on the plan.

The pipes are then mounted. Initially, the most distant sections are connected on a straight pipe, and then from this place they begin to install in the direction of the boiler. The expansion tank is placed at the maximum height, the heating pump - on the return line in front of the boiler. The necessary regulating elements and shut-off valves are installed on the pipes, a dirt filter and a drain cock are connected.

After the system is installed, it must be filled with a coolant (usually water). This is best done through the drain valve, having previously opened all the air vents on the radiators. When water comes out of them, they are closed. Filling is carried out until water appears in the expansion tank. After that, it is checked where there are leaks, the connections are tightened. Then the boiler and pump are started.

If nothing drips anywhere and the return heats up, you can congratulate yourself: you have practically mastered how to properly make water heating in a private house.

A fairly simple and effective hot water heating system in your own home can be easily connected by yourself. At the same time, a very significant saving of funds for its creation is achieved, since any third-party organizations or specialists take very solid funds for such work.

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