Life today is too dynamic, but this dynamic is not good. We stopped playing sports, walking, but all the time we are in a hurry somewhere, trying to achieve something. Probably, living by your own rules, contrary to time and its laws, will not work, which means that you should take your health more seriously, listen carefully to every change in the body, and take the necessary measures at the first signal, and not start the disease.
The word with which more than half of the world's inhabitants get up every morning is "pressure." But what do you know about pressure? Surely, most of you will report that 120/80 is considered normal pressure. But for whom is it normal? And what do these numbers actually mean? And where is it formed? And How?
It turns out there are more questions than answers. Let's sort it out in order. The pressure measured with a tonometer is called arterial pressure. This is exactly the pressure that the walls of the vessels feel during the circulation of the blood flow through them. Like any other pressure, arterial pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury.
Most likely, you have heard that distinguish between upper and lower blood pressure. In order for the pressure to be defined as high (or low), it is enough to change only one indicator by at least 20 mm Hg. Then why need another if there is no difference? But there is a difference, and even a very significant one.
The upper pressure is called systolic. The word systole itself means contraction. At the beginning of each cycle, the left ventricle contracts and pushes blood into the arteries, while the valve between the aorta and the heart is completely open and does not interfere with the movement of blood. This is the highest pressure indicator.
Lower pressure - diastolic. Diastole is relaxation. This is the smallest arterial pressure. It is formed when the heart muscle is completely relaxed. This happens after the aortic valve closes, and a new portion of blood flows from the lungs into the ventricle through the left atrium.
What does the pressure indicator depend on?
Systolic pressure is formed when the heart contracts, and therefore depends on the strength of this contraction. Diastolic pressure reflects the level of resistance of all peripheral vessels.
In addition to the standard factors that do not make us healthy at all, such as smoking, alcohol, stress, overeating, lack of sleep, etc., certain changes in the body affect the increase in each type of pressure. So, when the walls of blood vessels are compacted and their elasticity decreases, systolic pressure rises. And when a substance such as renin is released into the blood, the adrenal hormone is produced, due to which the correspondence of the volume of blood vessels and the level of circulating blood is disrupted, which means that diastolic pressure rises.
Deviation of the pressure indicator from the norm
Systolic pressure indicates a violation of the heart muscle. If there are problems in the human vascular system or kidneys, the diastolic pressure readings will deviate from the norm.
Dependence of pressure on age
While the indicator is 120 \ 80 mm Hg. considered normal, for each age this rate varies slightly. For example, children have lower blood pressure than their parents.
Each pressure indicator has its own history of change throughout life. Systolic pressure increases every year. This rule is typical for all people, at least until they reach their 80s. The most popular diseases with high systolic pressure are acquired in the period from 50-60 years. Until this time, more significant changes occur with diastolic pressure. By the age of 55, it usually stabilizes, and in some cases even decreases. Some doctors believe that after fifty when treating hypertension, diastolic pressure can be ignored.
Risk groups
Most often, according to statistical studies, women suffer from problems with increased exclusively systolic blood pressure, and men with diastolic blood pressure.
High systolic blood pressure is typical for leaders and people with increased demands on themselves, responsible and obligatory. They strive to control everyone and everyone, and with difficulty find harmony in life. People of another category, who most of the time are in a state of fear, guilt, in a depressed mood, they do not have their own opinion or they consider it initially incorrect, suffer more from diastolic pressure.
Conclusions TheDifference.ru
- Systolic pressure (upper) - the highest indicator of blood pressure, diastolic (lower) - the minimum blood pressure on the walls of blood vessels.
- With age, diastolic pressure stabilizes and systolic pressure increases.
- Excessive systolic pressure is more likely to result in strokes, and diastolic pressure indicates vascular or kidney problems.
- Increased systolic blood pressure is more typical for leaders, and diastolic pressure - for people with low self-esteem.
