Difference between solar and lunar calendar.

Calendars were invented for the convenience of timing. All existing versions of such systems are based on the features of the motion of celestial bodies observed from the Earth. Let's consider the issue in more detail and find out how the solar calendar differs from the lunar one.

Definition

The solar calendar is a system based on the cycles of sequential passage of the seasons.

Lunar is a calendar based on synodic months (the period during which the Moon returns to the phase taken as the original).

Comparison

Of the two ways that allow, figuratively speaking, to order time, the more ancient is the one that is associated with the movement of the moon. This celestial body, unlike the main luminary, regularly changes its appearance in the eyes of earthlings: it is only half visible, then it appears in the form of a disk, and sometimes it is not observed at all.

Such an alternation of lunar phases has long helped people to break the current time into segments. However, important agricultural work depends entirely on the four seasons. And it, in turn, is determined by the movement of the Sun. That is why it became necessary to create another, more convenient and accurate, time tracking option.

The difference between the solar calendar and the lunar is, for example, in the dates associated with the beginning of the next year. For the common calendar, this is January 1st. And for the lunar, such a starting point is unstable. In this case, the New Year may come at the very end of winter or in March.

There is no difference in the number of months of one cycle - there are twelve of them. But the duration of such segments in the solar calendar is slightly longer. Accordingly, the year is increasing here, and significantly - by 10-11 days. The number of the latter in the second time system is 354-355. The beginning of the months in this case is associated with the birth of a new moon.

Consider the difference between the solar and lunar calendar in relation to the length of the day. So, in the first case, it is stable - 24 hours. Moreover, according to the traditional calendar, such a period of time always begins in the first second after midnight.

And if you focus on the Moon with its features of movement, then the day here "skips". They are very scanty, and sometimes they reach two normal days. The beginning of a new orbit corresponds to the rising of the moon. This means that the next day can come both during the day and at night.

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