Difference between simple and complex sentences.

A sentence is a basic unit of speech that performs a communicative function. This is a statement, the purpose of which is to convey any information, an incentive to action or a question. Words in a sentence are syntactically linked into a single whole. The basis for such a connection is the structural core: the subject and the predicate or one of these members of the sentence. According to the presence of one or more grammatical bases, sentences are classified as simple or complex syntactic constructions.

Regardless of the number of secondary members, a sentence is simple if it has one grammatical basis:

Rooks have arrived.

From warm countries, overcoming thousands of kilometers of path, to the nests that were empty for a long winter, talkativerooks- the first messengers of the coming spring.

A simple sentence is considered not widespread if it consists only of a subject and a predicate, and widespread if it has secondary members: definitions, additions and circumstances.

Day is breaking.(Undisclosed sentence)

Dinner served.(Undisclosed sentence)

It's raining in the morning.(Distribution of the proposal with the circumstances of the time)

Smellsof needles.(Distribution of the proposal with additional.)

Today, outside the park , there was a chillquagmire.(Distribution of sentences with time, place and additional)

Common simple sentences can be complicated by homogeneous terms, separate definitions and circumstances, introductory and inserted syntactic constructions, references.

Having noticed prey,the predator, lurking in the thickets, as a ruleattacksnot immediately, but waiting for the right moment.

Such sentences are not difficult, since they contain only one grammatical basis.

In a complex sentence there are several grammatical bases: two or more. By the type of syntactic connection between the parts of the sentence, which have an independent grammatical basis, non-union complex sentences, compound, complex and complex sentences of a mixed type are distinguished.

The sun rises,the songbirdswake up.​​(Unionless complex sentence)

Clouds were gathering, and a thunderstorm was approaching from the south.(Compound sentence)

I try to understand,whatis happening to you.(Complicated sentence)

The wind shookthe treetops, and wherethey grewclose to each other, the shadows seemed tocome to life.(Complicated sentence.mixed type)

In complex sentences, as in simple ones, isolated and homogeneous terms, introductory words, syntactically indivisible units of speech can be used. However, their main distinguishing feature is the presence of several grammatical bases.

On this basis, it is easy to determine whether a sentence is complex or simple.

It is important to pay attention to the fact that according to the composition of the grammatical basis, simple sentences can be two-part and one-part.

The telephone rangtirelessly.(Simple two-part sentence)

I liveandI thinkabout the important.(Simple one-part definite personal sentence with homogeneous predicates)

With such peopleare considered.(Simple one-piece indefinitely personal sentence.)

What an amazingautumn!(Simple one-part noun phrase.)

Such sentences can be part of complex ones, but the two-part / one-part sign does not apply to the entire syntactic construction.

Conclusions TheDifference.ru

  1. A simple sentence contains one grammatical basis expressed by the subject and predicate or by one of these terms. In a complex sentence, two or more grammatical foundations are distinguished.
  2. Between the parts of a complex sentence, a non-union, compositional or subordinate relationship is established. In the simple, not the parts of the sentence are connected, but its members; communication method - coordination, control or adjoining.
  3. According to the composition of the grammatical basis, only a simple sentence can be one-part or two-part. There is no such classification in complex sentences.
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