What is the difference between declension and conjugation.

Declension and conjugation are different linguistic categories, which determine the peculiarities of the change in the case endings of nouns and personal forms of the verb in the present and future tense.

Declination refers to nouns, conjugation refers to verbs, and this is their fundamental difference.

In Russian, verbs are divided into two main groups: first and second conjugation.

In the endings of the first conjugation verbs in the second and third person singular, the first and second person plural, the lettereis written.

The first conjugation includes verbs that end in an indefinite form-et, -at, -t, -ut, -at, -t, -t, as well as verbsshave, lay,beat, drink, live, twist, pour, rot, swell. In the endings of these verbs in the second and third person singular, the first and second person plural, the letter–e is written;in the third person of the plural, the verbs of the first conjugation have the ending-th; -yut:

be in time, dream

units. plural

1. succeed dreamth1. succeed dream-dream

2. have time-eatdream-eat2. have time-eatdream-you

3. have time-yesdream-yes3. have time-havedream-ut

The second conjugation includes verbs that end in an indefinite form

end in-it,except for shaving, shaving and those listed above;

some verbs in -et:twirl, endure, depend, see, hate,

offend, watch;

some verbs in -aat:drive, breathe, hear, tremble, shout.

In the endings of these verbs in the present and future tense in the singular of the second and third person and in the plural in the first and second person, the letter–и is written;in the third person of the plural, the verbs of the second conjugation have the ending -at; -at:

buy to be silent

units. h. pl. h.

1. purchase-usilent-y1. coup-imsilent-im

2. kup-ishsilent-you2. kup-itesilent-ite

3. coup-itsilent-it3.kup-yatsilent-at

Conjugation determines the spelling of the endings when changing the verb by persons and numbers in the present and future tense.

Declination refers to a noun and also determines the spelling of the endings when changing the form of the word.

There are three main declensions of nouns in Russian.

The first declension includes nouns of masculine, feminine and general gender, which in the initial form have the ending-а (-ya):son, boy, roof, river, bully,fidget, uncle.

The second declension includes masculine nouns with a zero ending, masculine and neuter nouns with endings -o, -ein the nominative singular:table, crane, house, window, field, happiness.

The third declension includes feminine nouns with stems on–ь,having a zero ending in the initial form:night, help, door, notebook.

A special group is made up of the so-called divergent nouns, which formally refer to the third declension, but have atypical endings in case forms. These are 11 nouns, in the nominative singular ending in–myand the nounpath.

Immutable borrowed nouns do not have declension forms, the case of which can only be established by context:coat, subway, coffee, cockatoo, kangaroo,receptionist.

As you can see, there is only one thing in common between the concepts of declension and conjugation: they combine groups of parts of speech with characteristic changes of the same type of endings in different forms of the word.

Conclusions TheDifference.ru

  1. Conjugation reflects the type of spelling of verb endings when this part of speech is changed by persons and numbers in the present and simple future tense. The declension characterizes the features of the change in the case endings of nouns, which are divided into three main groups according to the genus, the type of stem and the ending in the nominative singular.
.