Difference between short and full participles.

To master the Sacrament topic, there are many nuances to be understood. For example, you need to know that some of these words can exist in two forms. Let's consider this issue in more detail and find out how the short and full participles differ.

Some information

All words of the named category, depending on the direction the expressed action are divided into two categories. These are valid participles, showing that the object is doing something on its own, and passive, indicating the reversal of activity on the object. The words of the first group are always complete:walking, lying, erasing. And only passive participles can also be short:fed - fed, watered - watered.

Comparison

First of all, each case poses its own questions. "What is done with the object?", "What is it?" ask for short participles. Meanwhile, the words used in full form correspond to the questions "what?" and the like.

Some grammatical features of the participles of both types are the same. Both those and others change in numbers (prompted, prompted- the only;glued, glued- plural) and genders (nailed, nailed, nailed-nailed, nailed, nailed). But the difference between short and full participles is that only the latter have case defined (shrouded- nominative,shrouded- genitive,shrouded- dative, etc..).

Another discrepancy between these groups of words is their syntactic meaning. The function of short participles is not very diverse. They are assigned the role of a predicate: Housewas erected (what was done?)by builders. Full participles most often become a definition:The house erected (which one?)by the builders looked great. They can also represent the nominal part of the predicate: The dress turned out to betorn.

Consider the difference between short and full participles in terms of spelling. Here we note that if the suffix of a word contains "n", then in short forms it is single, and in full forms it is double (seeded-seeded,decorated - decorated). You should also touch the spelling of words with the NOT particle. It can be continuous or separate when using full participles. For short forms, only the second of these options is correct.

Table

Full form Short form
Happens to all participlesFormed only in passive participles
Questions: "which one?" and others like himQuestions: "what is it?", "what is done with the object?"
Varies by caseNot declined
Often a definition, sometimes another term in a sentenceThe predicate
The suffix has a double “nn”The suffix is ​​a single “n”
Writing with NOT separate and continuousAlways separate spelling with NOT
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