Difference between penicillus and mucor.

Mushrooms are a terrible force. They can kill and save a person. Some of them devour our products or destroy human organs, but without the work of the subjects of this Kingdom, the circulation of minerals and organic substances on Earth is impossible. Mukor and penicillus are prominent representatives of such a two-faced taxon.

Definition

Penicillus - This is a mold of the Ascomycete division, that is, Marsupial fungi. By the way, truffles are the most expensive representatives of the department, and morels have become the talk of the town.

Penicillus on mandarin

Mukor is a mold of the Zygomycete division.

Mukor on strawberries

Comparison

Penicillus is one of the genera of the Marsupial fungi department. In nature, these organisms settle on the ground and on living plants, forming a moldy coating of an amazing emerald and azure color.

Mukor is one of the genera of lower mushrooms. These organisms live in the upper layers of the soil. Under appropriate conditions - in warmth and with high humidity, they quickly appear on the surfaces of various food products and any other creatures of an organic nature. In this case, the substrate acquires a characteristic pale white bloom, which darkens over time.

Mucor can cause diseases - mucoromycosis in humans and animals, which primarily affect the dermis and respiratory organs. With the generalization of the process, the fungus begins to spread throughout the body, using brain cells as a basic substrate.

Penicillus has antibacterial properties noted by Ernst Duchenne and Alexander Fleming, therefore it became the basis for the manufacture of the antibiotic penicillin.

The body of mature mucor is not differentiated into cells. Its mycelium resembles a single cell, like a giant octopus, containing many nuclei. The color of such a formation is whitish, sometimes beige or pale gray. Separate sporangiophores sprout from this mycelium body. At their tops, dark gray, anthracite sporangia are formed, which contain spores. At high air humidity, the sporangium shell dissolves, and thousands of new spores spill out of it onto the substrate.

Mukors are capable of sexual reproduction - zygogamy, when two adjacent multinucleated gigella cells interbreed, and can also increase the number of individuals of the species vegetatively. At the same time, stolon hyphae stretch from the mother cell in different directions. Having found a suitable substrate, they release rhizoids, become fixed and detach from the parent organism.

The body of the penicillus consists of many cells. Conidiophores grow from mycelium hyphae. Their tops branch out, giving the mushroom the appearance of a child's pen. Unicellular spores - conidia - are formed at the tops of these "handles". Under favorable conditions (high humidity and temperature), spores fall into the substrate and germinate. They are the main mode of reproduction of the penicillus.

Certain mucor mushrooms, as a powerful source of enzymes, are used in the fermentation process. Dry or "Chinese" yeast, mash, soy cheese are made with the help of Chinese flour, snail and racemose, and ethyl alcohol is made from potatoes. Ramannian mucor is the main raw material for the manufacture of the antibiotic ramycin.

Penicill is the basic raw material for the antibiotic penicillin.

In nature, mucora and penicilli are typical saprophytes, one of the most important links in the stage of decomposition and mineralization of organic remains.

Conclusions TheDifference.ru

  1. Both mushrooms belong to different departments of the Mushroom Kingdom.
  2. Mukor is able to develop on more types of substrates - soil, living and dead flesh, plants and animals. Penicillus prefers soil and living plant organisms; less often settles on food products that are of a vegetable nature.
  3. The color of mucor mycelium is white-gray-anthracite. The color of the mycelium of the penicillus is azure, herbaceous, emerald.
  4. Mucor's body is unicellular with many nuclei, in penicill it is multicellular.
  5. Mukor reproduces sexually, vegetatively and by spores, while penicillus prefers to reproduce exclusively by spores.
  6. Mukor has more branches of application - in the food industry and pharmacology, penicill is used for the manufacture of the antibiotic penicillin.
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