Difference between adjective and noun.

A noun and an adjective are independent parts of speech, however, a connection is always established between them in a sentence, in which the noun acts as a dominant, and the adjective as a dependent word. This connection can be determined by the semantic content of the concepts "noun" and "adjective".

Nounis a part of speech that names an object, phenomenon or state and answers the questionswho?orwhat?

Who?What?
old man

child

driver

animal

tree

earthquake

chills

research

When askedwho?nouns denoting animate objects answer; to questionwhat?- nouns calling objects of inanimate nature or abstract concepts.

Each object or phenomenon has certain features that concretize its meaning. The apple can be round, sweet, red, ripe or oblong, sour, green; wind - strong, moderate, southern; flood - unexpected, catastrophic or just severe. Words that call the attribute of an object are adjectives. They answer the questionswhich one? which? which?depending on the gender of the noun, which includes:

sage (what?)gray-haired;

horse (which one?)restive;

the lake (which one?)picturesque.

In Russian, the category of the gender of nouns is defined relatively conditionally. It can be considered a morphological feature, by which I classify the type of declension. The I declension includes feminine and masculine nouns with the ending –а (-я); to the II declension - masculine nouns with a zero ending and neuter nouns with the endings -е, -о; to the III declension - feminine and masculine nouns ending in a hissing consonant or soft sign.

I declinationII declinationIII declination
earthhutuncleslopeintersectionwindowhelpmothercomrade

Depending on the type of declension, the case endings of nouns change:

I declensionII declensionIII declension
I.

R.

D.

V.

T.

P.

land

landand

lande

land

landher

(o) landf

slope

slopea

slopey

slope_

slopeohm

(o) slopee

help

helpand

helpand

help_

helpy

(o) helpand

Adjectives also change in cases, but do not have the type of declension. The change in their case endings depends on the gender or number of the noun to which the specific adjective belongs:

Which one?Which one?Which one?What?
I.

R.

D.

V.

T.

P.

greenthsheet

greenthsheet

greenthsheet

greenthsheet

greenthsheet

(o) greenohmsheet

greenthgrass

greenohgrass

greenohgrass

greenthgrass

greenthgrass

(о) greenthgrass

greenthglass

greenthglass

greenglass

greenglassglass[19 2]

green glass

(o) greenohmglass

green meadows

green meadows

greengreenmeadows

green meadows

green meadows

(o) greenthmeadows

Adjectives, unlike nouns, do not have the category of animate / inanimate, but have another morphological feature that is absent in nouns. On this basis, they are divided into qualitative, relative and possessive.

Qualitative adjectives denote a feature of an object that can be expressed to a greater or lesser extent. Allocate positive, comparative and superlative degrees of comparison of adjectives.

​​
PositiveComparativeExcellent
kind

soft

cold

kinder

softer

colder

kindest

softest

most cold

Qualitative adjectives can be short:

red - red

young - young

sharp - sharp

Relative adjectives indicate a sign of an object that cannot be expressed in a greater or at least:woodfloor;descriptivecharacter;constantcontrol.

Possessive adjectives indicate that the object belongs to someone:foxfootprint;grandfather'sadvice;father's office.

Nouns in a sentence act as a subject or object. Adjectives perform the syntactic function of a definition, which can be connected with a subject or a complement by a concordance, control or adjacency relationship.

Conclusions TheDifference.ru

  1. A noun names an object, phenomenon or state. The adjective names their feature.
  2. The noun answers the questionswho? what? The connection of nouns with adjectives is determined by the questionswhat?which one?what is?
  3. The case endings of nouns change according to the I, II and III types of declension. The declension of adjectives depends on the gender of the nouns to which they belong.
  4. An adjective, unlike a noun, does not have the category of animate / inanimate.
  5. The categories of qualitative, relative and possessive adjectives are distinguished in the Russian language. Nouns do not have such categories.
  6. The syntactic role of a noun is a subject or an object. An adjective in a sentence is most often a definition.
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